RIM - Ami Ben-Bassat's Blog

The little snail that could - Snails are faster than ADSL

Following their last year experiment , group of Israeli geeks had proved that snails can be faster than ADSL and pigeons…

"Never underestimate the bandwidth capacity of a snail on wheels"! - Yossi Vardi (more laws at the end...)

Novel new data transfer system was launched recently in a unique experiment being held in KinnerNet 2005 camp (an Israeli internet camp , modeled after Tim Oreilly's Foo camp). The experiment conceived and run by a group of Israeli Internet addicts, including Yossi Vardi (former ICQ chairman), Shimon Schocken (computer scientist) and Ami Ben Bassat (science writer).

The system called SNAP (SNAil-based data transfer Protocol(, uses biological carriers, and, for the first time, taking advantages of the unique merits of the wheel for data transfer.

Previous art: This experiment follows the pioneering experiment carried out in Bergen, Norway (1999). The experiment demonstrated the feasibility of the "IP over Avian Carriers" protocol – an RFC for delivering data using pigeons, formulated by David Waitzman's. This B2P (Back to Pigeons) line of research was significantly extended by Ami Ben-Bassat, Guy Vardi, and Yossi Vardi. In 2004, Ben-Bassat et al sent three homing pigeons to a 100 kilometer distance, each carrying 1.3 gigabits on tiny flash memory cards, yielding a transfer rate faster than ADSL.

Yet the Wi-Fly TCP (Transmission by Pigeons) protocol of wireless internet has had its limitations. First, pigeons cannot fly through Windows. Second, since they don't fly in darkness either, this method's bandwidth drops to zero 50% of the time. Finally, there's the problem of droppings (see the following). We are pleased to report that all these shortcomings were resolved in our new data transfer protocol, as we now turn to describe.

System architecture: the system is constructed of a back end - a carriage, Ben-Hur movie style, which is made of a yoke made of light Balsa, and outfitted with two huge wheels - 2 DVD wheels, 4.7 Giga each. The front end, to which the carriage is harnessed consist of a Giant snail (Achatina fulica), known also as Giant African Snail (Africans are known as the world fastest runners ). These giant snail are of the GastroPod family (G-pod. We will reserve this name for transfer of music, and the name: G-mail for transfer of emails by snails SMTP –snail mobile transfer protocol )

Packets transport: Data is transported in 2 packets in parallel, 4.7 Giga each packet.

photograph by Herbert Bishko

Results: Calculations that were conducted after the experiment, explicitly proved that in spite of the relatively, very slow, speed of the biological carriers, the Snap system succeeded in transferring data faster than any other conventional technologies, existing today. The following table, summarize the results:

Technology	Kbps
V.34 modem	28.8
ISDN	128
ADSL	1500
Pigeons	2270
SNAP	37,000

Please note all measured times were recorded by an observer on the ground. If measured by the moving snail itself, times would have been a bit shorter, according to Einstein's relativity theory, resulting in slightly greater bps rates.

The wheel: Wheel justly considered as one of the most innovative and productive inventions ever. It appeared about 5,500 years ago, somewhere along the Mesopotamia region starting immediately to roll up our civilization toward new frontiers.

Caveat: The use of wheels in any commercial application may be a violation of intellectualal property law. In particular, Mr. John Keogh, Australian Patent Lawyer, was issued in 2001 a patent for "a circular transportation facilitation device", more commonly known as a wheel.

Motivation: Since the snail proper is committed neither scientifically nor professionally to the advancement of data communications techniques, we had to contrive a way to entice it to get moving. After consulting the literature on utility theory and economic mechanism design, we proceeded to augment the platform with a unique incentive mechanism based on a fresh leaf of Sativa Lactusa also known as iceberg lettuce, hereafter referred to as( LGS- Lettuce-based Guidance Sub-system). In contrary to certain American presidents the snail was able to proceed and chew lettuce at the same time.

Routing: Since data transfer always takes place between two well-defined source and destination points, we had to contrive a way to restrict the system's movement to a pre-determined trajectory. This was done by placing the LGS in the center of the snail's sensory field – just in front of its tentacles -- and dragging it gently along the shortest path between the data's source and destination terminals. This particular task was carried out by Yossi Hod, a member of our research team who is also a commercial pilot with a significant navigation experience.

Please note that while the lettuce router is based on "PULL" principle, there is a way to create a "PUSH" based router, by placing behind the snail, garlic and melted butter. This will insure the forward moving motivation of the snail. The sgarlic and the melted butter can be mounted on the carriage itself.

Denial of service: In some regions, most notably France, culinary habits may pose a denial-of-service (DOS) risk. In particular, French users will have to choose whether they want to be served data-ex-cargo or an escargot. On the other hand, a peculiar feature of SNAP is that DOS problems will never occur in DOS kosher-observant neighborhoods (this comment may be privy to Jewish readers only).

Advantages of the new Method:

Elegant solution- Maximum data transfer throughput per mass of infrastructure: As far as data transfer throughput per mass of infrastructure, the developers were able to improve significantly over last year pigeon technology. As in the case of Pigeon Based Internet, also in this case, the developers followed Buckminster Fuller's Ephemeralizaton notion – doing more with less. Numerous proposals have been made in the past to ship data by brute force e.g., by station wagon, Boing 747 etc, but the developers are not aware of any technological means to transfer the said amount of data to a given destination with less mass of infrastructure, and energy (1 snail-Power). Hence, as far as the developers of the new method are aware, the suggested method set a record also to that respect.

Latency: As in the case of pigeons, latency is much higher: no matter how little data will be transferred, it will take longer for the first bit to arrive. Nevertheless, for short distances of few hundreds km pigeons' latency is shorter than that of Netflix, Fedex, or the postal service.

Working at night: While pigeons are not flying at night, snails are active at those times as well.

Download on your head: In contrary to pigeons, (and some ISP providers), snails don’t shit on your head.

Do it your self carriage

Credit: Shy Vardi

Resolving ancient paradox? During the experiment, the organizers couldn't ignore some of the implications, derived from that event, regarding one of the most enigmatic and well known paradoxes in history: Achilles and the turtle. The turtle, according the original Zeno's paradox, has been given a small advantage, so he starts running 10 meters in front of Achilles. If Achilles wants to get in front of the turtle he first has to run to where the turtle started. But in that time the turtle has bridged some distance, which Achilles now has to run in order to take up. This process might continue forever… In our "Snails theoretical race" Achilles has been exchanged for a pigeon carrier. Given the snail 50 cm advance (and a fresh green lettuce) didn't give any chance for its imagined rival.

Intelligent snails? When free, Giant African Snails can pose a real threat to environment, as they tend to consume huge quantities of various foods, including many as 600 different species of plants. Dr. Ben-David-Zaslow, well remember that time when her snails succeeded in getting out of the box kept at her apartment. After searching them all over the house, she was surprised to find out that one of her valuable books had been eaten, almost completely, by the huge creatures. She was even more surprised to learn the poor prey was her memorable Encyclopedia for flora and fauna the land of Israel. Did the snails pick this prey deliberately? Was this event an indication for some sort of advanced intelligence? The answer is not clear yet, and much work has to be done on that issue.

A social note in favor of the weak and slow: The developers were particularly satisfied to show that in a society that worships the fittest, fastest, furtherest and highest , the weak and the slow can sometimes be the out performers.

---------

(for more details and technical description please look here)

Following the breakthrough , here are some newly formulated snails laws:

EmbeddedJanitor laws (thx Slashdot)

IBM snail law : The world will only need five snails.

DEC snail law: : Nobody wants a snail in their home.

Microsoft: The new Longhorned snail is shipping…

spagetti law (thx Slashdot)

BillG: a 640K snail should be enough for anyone

DavidP

The snail is the network - Sun Microsystems snail law

Please submit new laws either here (comments section) or by to: abenba-at-gmail.com

Credits

Yossi Vardi

Shimon Schocken

Yedidiya Vardi

Yossi Hod

Revital Ben David-Zaslow

Abayoff Shlomo

Ben Bassat Ami

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פורסם ב 27 באפריל 2005 00:08 במדור מוזר במובן מסויים תגובות נעולות

התגובות מתפרסמות על דעת ובאחריות כותביהן בלבד.

C. Rebert [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 5:20:49 AM

WTF!?

you've got to be kidding me...
Maybe I'll check the transfer speed of IPoH (IP over Hamsters)! Heh. Nice work though.

י.ר. בתאריך 4/27/2005 5:45:39 AM

ללא נושא

לידיעתכם, שמו אתכם בסלאשדוט.
אולי בגלל שאתם שלחתם את הכתבה?

בכל מקרה, עבודה יפה.

Wesley Parish בתאריך 4/27/2005 5:50:08 AM

ללא נושא

You'll have to test the aerial and maritime transmission properties of that first, I think. ;)

Would it be any good for communicating with sailors or pilots? Or astronauts? It might be worth investigating. ;)

griasr בתאריך 4/27/2005 6:04:10 AM

ללא נושא

cool!

בתאריך 4/27/2005 6:30:08 AM

ללא נושא

eizeh yofi!!!

moist בתאריך 4/27/2005 6:33:44 AM

ללא נושא

slahsdotted!

gabe בתאריך 4/27/2005 6:37:50 AM

ללא נושא

An idea for the SNAP experiment. What if a form of compression was used to compress the data transfered thru snap. Similar to the 5x as fast dialup proxy services!!!

Or an even larger potential increase would be to piggy back a few more data wheels on the snail cart..

I am unsure of a snails lifting capacties but I would guess based on the picture provided he is not even stressed at this point... what if you added say another 10 dvd's on his chassis?

Now if he could make the trek at the same speed this would increase the SNAP xfer speed to 222,000 a HUGE 6fold increase!!! though I could potentiall see it only being able to increase it 5fold as I would speculate he would be weighed down and incumbered. I eagerly await the test results.

(Another potential would be the travling from a higher altitude to a lower might even increase his speed more?

JFC [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 7:05:07 AM

ללא נושא

V. Funny.

However, you wrote:

Did the snails pick this pray deliberately?

May I suggest "prey"

This artical is based

and "article"?

Cheers,

JFC

ערן בתאריך 4/27/2005 7:44:02 AM

לא רק אצל שמעון

גם אצלך: http://science.slashdot.org/sc....tid=133&tid=198&tid=230&tid=14

Red Panda בתאריך 4/27/2005 8:32:13 AM

ללא נושא

Thank you for giving us a good time, can we make a research on other species?

Segfault [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 8:41:09 AM

ללא נושא

I see the potential for a DDR (multi-wheeled), or even quad pumped mechanism here. What about symmetrical multi-SNAP?

Many possible configurations exist to this ideal theory.

Sumeet [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 9:44:52 AM

DoS countries

May I suggest:

- China

Aric בתאריך 4/27/2005 9:57:19 AM

Oh well...

This is what happens when several people who are utterly bored meet :-)

Funny one tough, good job and well written :-)

Aric

Lionel בתאריך 4/27/2005 12:35:13 PM

?VoSNAP

What is the Delay that you have with VOSNAP(VOICE OVER SNAP)?

Phil בתאריך 4/27/2005 1:13:10 PM

ללא נושא

How about a line of salt either side of the snails path, this would create a navigational path for SNAP2 without requiring human intervention.

cIclops בתאריך 4/27/2005 2:07:23 PM

does this mean i can read Hebrew

BSP 2.0 offers twice the data rate by using night flying pigeons (which do exist). BSP 2.1 is under development for use on Mars.

אהרון [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 3:03:17 PM

עמי, ראה תגובתי...

באתר של שמעון שוקן.

PIBM [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 3:24:36 PM

Even more Speed

I see that multiple wheels as already been suggested. Now, what about using dual side dual layer dvds ? That would enable up to 18GB per wheel. With 6 of them, we would have more than 100GB =)

John Balava בתאריך 4/27/2005 3:40:48 PM

April fools?

Is this shit some april fools joke?

הרצל בתאריך 4/27/2005 4:34:23 PM

פלאי הטכנולוגיה

של מי האיור המשובח ב PDF.

Alex B בתאריך 4/27/2005 4:42:28 PM

problem

I'm sorry but this isn't going to work.
The LGS is way too bug sensitive !

cone_snail בתאריך 4/27/2005 6:49:35 PM

ללא נושא

Yay!

bruce בתאריך 4/27/2005 7:31:34 PM

ללא נושא

Alex,

You are correct. This is, in fact, a very old problem first discovered by intrepid researchers Hanzel and Getel in the 11th century. Though there is, as yet, no real fix, but one may employ a stainless steel strainer to firewall the lettuce nodes as a safeguard against bugs in the transmission system. However, viruses will not likely be detered by such methods. It is rumored that SNAP researchers are now working on DNA enhancements to the LGS system that may provide some anti-viral mechanisms.

Anonymous Coward [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 9:36:59 PM

ללא נושא

Hmm, my screen seems to be mirrored. Funny guys those .il guys :)

wech בתאריך 4/27/2005 11:29:17 PM

Some concerns

Whats the average ping delay for a 10 m SNAP connection? Would it be possible to play real time games over SNAP?

Secondly it was not clear whether the time displayed did include preparing the packets for transfer trough SNAP or if this was only the time needed for the transfer itself.

Nevertheless a very promising technology with some understandable starting problems like any brand new technology.

Keep on the good work :-)

Ami B [אתר] בתאריך 4/27/2005 11:47:52 PM

Snails

Guys from Slashdot!
Thx for your fruitful and creative comments and ideas. Some of them are already being discussed by our technical people these days...A new daring experiment is already under planning_

Jacob [אתר] בתאריך 4/28/2005 2:53:35 AM

ללא נושא + Blu-Ray+

addendum & Future, dvd will be advancing. Dual Layer, double sided & Blu-Ray or hd-dvd will advance faster than adsl.

baseman בתאריך 4/28/2005 4:56:09 AM

Interesting Research, but

As research into pure data transmission capacity, this is very interesting.
However one must consider that data in and
of itself is useless and must be interpreted
before used.

Conventional media tranfer media used for
comparission in this research are all already
connected to the computer for near instant
data processing.

With SNAP one must consider the time it takes
to disengage the DVD wheels, load into the
computer and copy data to internal HDD in
order to come to the same state as when
transfering data with mediums such as DSL.

At this point the DVD readers speed now
becomes an issue. Also if you consider the
process of data transfer from end to end,
the time it takes to burn the 2 DVDs must
also be taken into consideration.

To sum up, though SNAP seems to be a novelly
fast way to transfer data, general market
use will not be viable until non-data transfer
issues such as DVD burn and read speed,
exceed that of the HDDs read/write capacity.

Jonathan בתאריך 4/28/2005 6:39:57 AM

ללא נושא

Have you considered the merits of the CHEETAH protocol as an alternative to SNAP - Cheetah-Helped Extended Express Transfer by Animal Haste Protocol. Since these are large creatures, they could - for sake of argument - carry 10 DVDs, and with a locomotive rate of up to 30 m/s, they could transfer up to 50 GB of data over a distance of (say) 300m in 10 seconds, at a data rate of 50 GB / 10 s = 5 GB/s, making the 37 MB/s achieved by SNAP look a little, errr, snail-like?

:-)

Cougar בתאריך 4/28/2005 12:06:37 PM

ללא נושאDon't forget sneaker net

If snails can achieve 37,000kbps, think what a human could achieve, and with far less effort required. Of course, I don't for a second believe that a snail can achieve 37,000kbps, since no DVD burner can possibly achieve such a data rate when burning and reading. Also, routing can't be very efficient, and I can't see it being of use for distances of more than about 1 metre. Sneaker net on the other hand works just fine over very long (relative to snail) distances, and at far greater speed.

David C. בתאריך 4/28/2005 5:08:14 PM

SNAP over Pigeons

Hi guys, this is a great work, one of those who will certainly not leave the world unchanged.

Thinking about large biological backbones, would it be possible to encapsulate SNAP over pigeons, and keep native SNAP only for the last mile ?
The only mitigating factor is the SNAP (pay)load, which can affect SNAPoP performance (longer latency times, packet loss, ...)

Thanks for making us smile & think ! :-)

Dan. בתאריך 4/29/2005 12:00:23 AM

ללא נושא

hey!, nice research and great job. I haven´t read too much about this before but have anybody tried with rats or octopuses?
Rats and octopuses have a great memory and are pretty intelligent so they could be taught about the route they should follow.
As octopuses and rats can move day or night transmission could be done at any time, across the sea or the earth. If you also use pigeons as is said you cover all the possible transmission media: earth, sea, air. :-)

More DOS countries בתאריך 4/29/2005 1:10:12 AM

ללא כותרת

In Spain, specially east regions such Comunidad Valenciana and Andalucía, snails are also a very appreciated, specially with rice or tomato and fried garlis (the famous "Caracoles al ajillo"). You can also find snails in the worlwide-known-dish "Paella". This may create some interfences an a decreasement in the quality of the communication in those regions. We suggest using cockroaches. Nobody here eat them. Thanks a lot for your fantastic work.

Colin [אתר] בתאריך 4/29/2005 1:53:45 AM

ללא נושא

this is amazingly cool

בתאריך 4/29/2005 2:30:15 AM

ללא נושא

Pinging google.com [216.239.37.99] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 216.239.37.99: bytes=32 time=53277114ms TTL=up to 3 years or until run over
Reply from 216.239.37.99: bytes=32 time=54432431ms TTL= up to 3 years or until run over
Waiting for reply…..

barke בתאריך 4/29/2005 2:30:59 AM

ללא נושא

My concern would be data corruption there would have to be a wet towel protocol before data retrieval. Also another concern would be data theft or data lose. Someone would have to come up with some salt detection methods and anti boot crushing method to insure data safety

Lanox בתאריך 4/29/2005 11:41:27 AM

Virus

How do you protect your data exchange network against well known viruses such as Magpie2.07, Chicken1.2 and HungryFrenchDude8.0?

Anders בתאריך 4/30/2005 11:21:16 AM

ללא נושא

This is serious shit and it will in fact be true that snails will transfer more information than ADSL between two point, given these two points are not too far apart. You have to calculate the time used to burn the DVDs, fit them to the snails, the transport and read the DVDs again and include it in your formular

Could you please calculate below which distance the SNAP protocol is superior to other protocols? It could be useful for future network designs. I would imagine that SNAP will be useful for short distances, Wi-Fly TCP for mid distances and ordinary ISP offers for longer distances. New 802.11 protocols may squeeze in between SNAP and Wi-Fly TCP.

בתאריך 4/30/2005 7:24:05 PM

ללא נושא

Pervyj, nah!

JA hueju, dorogaja redakcija, jeto nado zhe bylo takuju hujnju pridumat'!

Hotja evrei vsegda v jetom otlichalis', fakt.

KG/AM, i niebet, blja.

kristen [אתר] בתאריך 5/2/2005 9:59:49 PM

ללא נושא

This is great!

I'd like a better image to see how the snail harness is not falling off. I am just curious. It is great design.

Certainly, at the beginning of the internet, this would have been far superior, and yet with much lower hardware needs. And what a well-paid, happy snail you could have. Perhaps he could eat higher-quality lettuce for faster runs!

אמיר ברנט [אתר] בתאריך 5/8/2005 4:50:34 PM

SNAP acellurator

our companey have developed an accelarator for SNAP which allows a much greater speed, we still have just one tiny problem left with the reciving end. BUT other then that were good to go. here is our consept
http://blog.lewrockwell.com/lewrw/archives/001697.html

wel start the bidding at 100M$.

amir

CrazyA [אתר] בתאריך 5/17/2005 1:15:01 PM

Super

Super !!!
Why didn't I think of this :P

בתאריך 5/25/2005 12:47:25 AM

ללא נושא

This is awesome. GastroPod aka G-pod, come on that's witty! It's hilarious! Nice work, 'm gonna post the link on other forum!
Greetings from NYC!

Dave B בתאריך 6/3/2005 11:44:04 PM

Security Concerns

Excellent work, but I'm concerned about data security- data transported via SNAP could be easily intercepted. Furthermore, latency seems to be prohibitive.

I suggest an alternate transport protocol that- while more expensive to implement and requiring frequent maintaince- would be vastly more secure, reliable, and with lower latency:

FDDI (File Distribution by Doberman Interchange). DOS attacks should be rare in most parts of the world, given the built-in FANGS (File And Network Gateway Security) system inherent in this transport method.

A significant downside, however, would be the unavoidable OSPF (Occasional Smelly Poop Factor).

gtnh בתאריך 6/14/2005 4:01:29 PM

ללא נושא

ахуеть дайте 2

www.boj.ru

בתאריך 6/21/2005 6:26:37 PM

ללא נושא

I suggest you try clay pigeon launchers; it's much faster to get CDs around.

(even in hunting season. Most hunters are amateurs. Only the military can actually cause massive packet drop.)

Plus you may remote control operate launchers for targetting with a webcam for aiming!

With the proper robot arm CD catchers, this could be interesting to watch...

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ללא נושא

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10.In a counselors office: "Growing old is mandatory, growing wise is optional. ------------------------------....------------------------------

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WASHINGTON (AP) - Ten 2006 passenger cars won praise from the insurance industry Sunday for offering top-of-the-line protection to passengers in front, side and rear crashes.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety announced a new designation, the Top Safety Pick award, based on the performance of vehicles in their crash tests.
Winners of the institute's gold award included the Ford Five Hundred and Mercury Montego with optional side air bags; the Saab 9-3; the Subaru Legacy; and the Honda Civic four-door. The Five Hundred and Montego are corporate twins and were considered by the institute to be the same car, for award purposes.
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Andy Warhal [אתר] בתאריך 1/3/2006 3:37:56 AM

Snail mail should be influenced, too

How about multiple carts? How about multuple carts with BluRay or better that other one for wheels?

R. Adams בתאריך 2/9/2006 10:45:53 AM

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Cute write-up, but there is actually a serious side to this. These snails are not all that safe to keep: they reproduce rapidly and can transmit meningitis(!). For example:

http://www.jsonline.com/news/state/apr04/225706.asp

(From the city newspaper in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA).

/RA

jj בתאריך 2/9/2006 12:13:07 PM

congrats

Congratulations! It looks deadly! I have so much fun! Good work buddy!

:- )

David F בתאריך 2/9/2006 8:15:31 PM

But seriously, folks

My old data center manager used to say... and I have been fondly quoting him for years... "Never underestimate the bandwidth of a station wagon."

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NotaBene [אתר] בתאריך 2/17/2006 11:11:29 AM

Holographic Discs

Maybe you think of using Holographic Disks (coming out at the end of 2006) on each side. This would increase the amount of space to 300 GB per (single)wheel or 600 GB per (double)wheel on each side.
This would bring up an incredible boost of bandwidth...

[אתר] בתאריך 4/3/2006 1:18:41 AM

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ydoucare [אתר] בתאריך 4/9/2006 6:14:28 PM

awesome

that is so cool guys...keep up the great work! i need some info on sea snails, if anyone wants to suggest a website. i hope you keep working hard to inprovethis, and take the suggestions from ppl before me. :-) !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!good luck!

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